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Lower birth weight vs. cardiovascular disease in adulthood
A recent article published in the Heart journal demonstrates a connection between lower birth weight, the incidence of myocardial infarction, and adverse left ventricular remodeling.
Based on past studies, prematurity and small-for-gestation age are linked with increased lifetime cardiovascular risk. A recent article published in the Heart journal demonstrates a connection between lower birth weight, the incidence of myocardial infarction, and adverse left ventricular remodeling. The research was based on data from a large population-based cohort of middle-aged adults from the UK Biobank.
The team of Raisi-Estabragh et al. examined the connections of birth weight with available indicators of cardiovascular health. The team used competing risk regression to estimate the link between birth weight, incident myocardial infarction, and mortality. They performed a longitudinal follow-up of over 7–12 years, adjusted for age, sex, deprivation, maternal smoking, hypertension, and parental diabetes. They performed a mediation analysis to identify the impact of childhood growth, adulthood obesity, cardiometabolic diseases, and blood biomarkers (lipid profile, glycaemic control, and systemic inflammation) in mediating the relationship between birth weight and myocardial infarction. Researchers also estimated the associations of birth weight with left ventricular remodeling, such as the mass-to-volume ratio and left ventricular stroke volume. A total number of 258 787 participants from white ethnicities were studied, of which 61% of participants were women, and the median age was 56.
Results proved that lower birth weight was associated with a significantly increased risk of incident myocardial infarction below a threshold of 3.2kg (approximating the population's average birth weight). The results were independent of socioeconomic, childhood, or parental factors. Visible independent mediators of this relationship were poor glycaemic control, lipid profile, hypertension, and systemic inflammation. However, these factors explained less than 30% of the birth weight–acute myocardial infarction effect, indicating other biological pathways' influence. Lower birth weight was also connected with an unhealthy pattern of cardiovascular remodeling, meaning higher concentricity and worse left ventricular function.
These findings support the addition of birth weight to the myocardial infarction risk prediction, which could help disease prevention. Further research is needed to determine whether including birth weight may improve existing cardiovascular risk stratification tools. More data is necessary also to distinguish if preventative strategies targeted at those with lower birth weight could improve clinical outcomes.
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Based on past studies, prematurity and small-for-gestation age are linked with increased lifetime cardiovascular risk. A recent article published in the Heart journal demonstrates a connection between lower birth weight, the incidence of myocardial infarction, and adverse left ventricular remodeling. The research was based on data from a large population-based cohort of middle-aged adults from the UK Biobank.
The team of Raisi-Estabragh et al. examined the connections of birth weight with available indicators of cardiovascular health. The team used competing risk regression to estimate the link between birth weight, incident myocardial infarction, and mortality. They performed a longitudinal follow-up of over 7–12 years, adjusted for age, sex, deprivation, maternal smoking, hypertension, and parental diabetes. They performed a mediation analysis to identify the impact of childhood growth, adulthood obesity, cardiometabolic diseases, and blood biomarkers (lipid profile, glycaemic control, and systemic inflammation) in mediating the relationship between birth weight and myocardial infarction. Researchers also estimated the associations of birth weight with left ventricular remodeling, such as the mass-to-volume ratio and left ventricular stroke volume. A total number of 258 787 participants from white ethnicities were studied, of which 61% of participants were women, and the median age was 56.
Results proved that lower birth weight was associated with a significantly increased risk of incident myocardial infarction below a threshold of 3.2kg (approximating the population's average birth weight). The results were independent of socioeconomic, childhood, or parental factors. Visible independent mediators of this relationship were poor glycaemic control, lipid profile, hypertension, and systemic inflammation. However, these factors explained less than 30% of the birth weight–acute myocardial infarction effect, indicating other biological pathways' influence. Lower birth weight was also connected with an unhealthy pattern of cardiovascular remodeling, meaning higher concentricity and worse left ventricular function.
These findings support the addition of birth weight to the myocardial infarction risk prediction, which could help disease prevention. Further research is needed to determine whether including birth weight may improve existing cardiovascular risk stratification tools. More data is necessary also to distinguish if preventative strategies targeted at those with lower birth weight could improve clinical outcomes.
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Dr. Ana Baroni MD. Ph.D.
Scientific & Medical Advisor
Quality Garant
Ana has over 20 years of consultancy experience in longevity, regenerative and precision medicine. She has a multifaceted understanding of genomics, molecular biology, clinical biochemistry, nutrition, aging markers, hormones and physical training. This background allows her to bridge the gap between longevity basic sciences and evidence-based real interventions, putting them into the clinic, to enhance the healthy aging of people. She is co-founder of Origen.life, and Longevityzone. Board member at Breath of Health, BioOx and American Board of Clinical Nutrition. She is Director of International Medical Education of the American College of Integrative Medicine, Professor in IL3 Master of Longevity at Barcelona University and Professor of Nutrigenomics in Nutrition Grade in UNIR University.
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