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A functional tool to assess, predict, and improve cardiovascular disease outcome
Traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors have limited prognostic capacity in older adults (aged >65 years).
Traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors have limited prognostic capacity in older adults (aged >65 years). For example, research indicates that the link between risk factors like systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, diabetes, and CVD is weaker among older adults. Also, the predictive capacity of these risk factors decreases even more beyond the age of 75. This prompted researchers to identify novel CVD risk predictors for the said age group. Biomarkers, like cardiac troponin T and C‐reactive protein, were shown to have strong predictive CVD capacities. However, costs associated with biomarker tests represent a significant limiting factor for their implementation.
Physical functioning has been shown to be associated with aging, where research showed that its reduction is independently linked to higher CVD risk. The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) is a tool developed by the National Institute on Aging to measure physical functioning among older adults. The tool has three components: five repeated chair stands, three progressively harder standing balance poses, and the usual gait speed over a short distance. The literature indicates that independent associations between SPPB and CVD have been found. However, SPPB predictive value in terms of CVD has not been evaluated, but its relation to different CVD subtypes, like stroke and heart failure (HF), has been determined.
To address the above mentioned gap, Hu et al. quantified the association between physical function (assessed with SPPB) and the risk of individual and composite CVD outcomes of stroke, coronary heart disease, and HF. Then, SPPB CVD predictive value was evaluated by comparing it with traditional CVD risk factors. The hypothesis was that lower SPPB had a higher risk of future CVD and that SPPB produced better predictive capacity beyond conventional risk factors. The study sample consisted of more than 5500 community-dwelling older adults.
Results of the study revealed that a lower SPPB score was linked to an elevated risk of individual and composite CVD outcomes. The associations were independent of CVD history and risk factors. Also, adding SPPB to traditional CVD risk factors significantly improved the predictive capacity compared to traditional risk factors, regardless of CVD history at baseline.
The researchers concluded that reduced physical function was independently associated with the risk of individual and composite CVD outcomes and that the tool improved CVD outcomes predictive capacity. Implementing this tool in clinical practice may offer value to older adults being managed for CVD risks.
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Traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors have limited prognostic capacity in older adults (aged >65 years). For example, research indicates that the link between risk factors like systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, diabetes, and CVD is weaker among older adults. Also, the predictive capacity of these risk factors decreases even more beyond the age of 75. This prompted researchers to identify novel CVD risk predictors for the said age group. Biomarkers, like cardiac troponin T and C‐reactive protein, were shown to have strong predictive CVD capacities. However, costs associated with biomarker tests represent a significant limiting factor for their implementation.
Physical functioning has been shown to be associated with aging, where research showed that its reduction is independently linked to higher CVD risk. The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) is a tool developed by the National Institute on Aging to measure physical functioning among older adults. The tool has three components: five repeated chair stands, three progressively harder standing balance poses, and the usual gait speed over a short distance. The literature indicates that independent associations between SPPB and CVD have been found. However, SPPB predictive value in terms of CVD has not been evaluated, but its relation to different CVD subtypes, like stroke and heart failure (HF), has been determined.
To address the above mentioned gap, Hu et al. quantified the association between physical function (assessed with SPPB) and the risk of individual and composite CVD outcomes of stroke, coronary heart disease, and HF. Then, SPPB CVD predictive value was evaluated by comparing it with traditional CVD risk factors. The hypothesis was that lower SPPB had a higher risk of future CVD and that SPPB produced better predictive capacity beyond conventional risk factors. The study sample consisted of more than 5500 community-dwelling older adults.
Results of the study revealed that a lower SPPB score was linked to an elevated risk of individual and composite CVD outcomes. The associations were independent of CVD history and risk factors. Also, adding SPPB to traditional CVD risk factors significantly improved the predictive capacity compared to traditional risk factors, regardless of CVD history at baseline.
The researchers concluded that reduced physical function was independently associated with the risk of individual and composite CVD outcomes and that the tool improved CVD outcomes predictive capacity. Implementing this tool in clinical practice may offer value to older adults being managed for CVD risks.
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Dr. Ana Baroni MD. Ph.D.
Scientific & Medical Advisor
Quality Garant
Ana has over 20 years of consultancy experience in longevity, regenerative and precision medicine. She has a multifaceted understanding of genomics, molecular biology, clinical biochemistry, nutrition, aging markers, hormones and physical training. This background allows her to bridge the gap between longevity basic sciences and evidence-based real interventions, putting them into the clinic, to enhance the healthy aging of people. She is co-founder of Origen.life, and Longevityzone. Board member at Breath of Health, BioOx and American Board of Clinical Nutrition. She is Director of International Medical Education of the American College of Integrative Medicine, Professor in IL3 Master of Longevity at Barcelona University and Professor of Nutrigenomics in Nutrition Grade in UNIR University.
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