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January 19, 2023
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Small extracellular vesicles from stem cells improve healthspan and lifespan in old mice
A recent study suggests that small extracellular vesicles could prevent age-related conditions and promote tissue regeneration.
Aging induces several changes at the cellular level, such as oxidative stress, telomere attrition, or cellular senescence resulting in a decreased functionality of tissues. These changes are the main factors that drive age-related conditions, such as sarcopenia, renal failure, frailty, disability, and mortality. Aging also alters intercellular communication by deregulation of critical signaling pathways. New strategies to delay the degenerative changes associated with aging are extensively researched. Sanz-Ros et al. have presented a new possibility in using small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) obtained from adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) of young mice.
Extracellular vesicles are small vesicles released by cells. They mediate the transmission of signaling molecules (proteins, small RNAs, and DNA) between cells, also called intercellular communication. Current data suggests that sEVs derived from multiple stem cell types can promote tissue regeneration. Compared to whole stem cells, sEVs also have many advantages, such as higher stability, no risk of aneuploidy (having missing or extra chromosomes), and a lower chance of causing immune rejection. Therefore, they could provide an alternative therapy for various diseases.
The team of Sanz-Ros et al. treated the muscles and kidneys of old mice with sEVs of young animals. Mice used in this study were of a C57BL/6J background – the most widely used genetically modified mouse models of human disease. They were treated with sEVs at 20 to 24 months of age. Both sexes were used throughout the study. Results of the analyses showed improvement in several parameters usually altered with aging:
- motor coordination,
- grip strength,
- fatigue resistance,
- fur regeneration
- renal function
- decrease in frailty.
ADSC-sEVs reversed age-related structural changes in the kidney and muscle of old mice. Decreased oxidative stress, inflammation, and senescence markers in muscle and kidney were also observed. The predicted epigenetic age was lower in old mice treated with ADSC-sEVs tissues. The metabolome (complete set of organisms metabolites which are small-molecule chemicals) of the old mice also changed to a youth-like one.
The research group suggests that the microRNAs contained in sEVs might be responsible for the observed effects and propose that treatment with young sEVs can promote healthy aging.
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Aging induces several changes at the cellular level, such as oxidative stress, telomere attrition, or cellular senescence resulting in a decreased functionality of tissues. These changes are the main factors that drive age-related conditions, such as sarcopenia, renal failure, frailty, disability, and mortality. Aging also alters intercellular communication by deregulation of critical signaling pathways. New strategies to delay the degenerative changes associated with aging are extensively researched. Sanz-Ros et al. have presented a new possibility in using small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) obtained from adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) of young mice.
Extracellular vesicles are small vesicles released by cells. They mediate the transmission of signaling molecules (proteins, small RNAs, and DNA) between cells, also called intercellular communication. Current data suggests that sEVs derived from multiple stem cell types can promote tissue regeneration. Compared to whole stem cells, sEVs also have many advantages, such as higher stability, no risk of aneuploidy (having missing or extra chromosomes), and a lower chance of causing immune rejection. Therefore, they could provide an alternative therapy for various diseases.
The team of Sanz-Ros et al. treated the muscles and kidneys of old mice with sEVs of young animals. Mice used in this study were of a C57BL/6J background – the most widely used genetically modified mouse models of human disease. They were treated with sEVs at 20 to 24 months of age. Both sexes were used throughout the study. Results of the analyses showed improvement in several parameters usually altered with aging:
- motor coordination,
- grip strength,
- fatigue resistance,
- fur regeneration
- renal function
- decrease in frailty.
ADSC-sEVs reversed age-related structural changes in the kidney and muscle of old mice. Decreased oxidative stress, inflammation, and senescence markers in muscle and kidney were also observed. The predicted epigenetic age was lower in old mice treated with ADSC-sEVs tissues. The metabolome (complete set of organisms metabolites which are small-molecule chemicals) of the old mice also changed to a youth-like one.
The research group suggests that the microRNAs contained in sEVs might be responsible for the observed effects and propose that treatment with young sEVs can promote healthy aging.
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Dr. Ana Baroni MD. Ph.D.
Scientific & Medical Advisor
Quality Garant
Ana has over 20 years of consultancy experience in longevity, regenerative and precision medicine. She has a multifaceted understanding of genomics, molecular biology, clinical biochemistry, nutrition, aging markers, hormones and physical training. This background allows her to bridge the gap between longevity basic sciences and evidence-based real interventions, putting them into the clinic, to enhance the healthy aging of people. She is co-founder of Origen.life, and Longevityzone. Board member at Breath of Health, BioOx and American Board of Clinical Nutrition. She is Director of International Medical Education of the American College of Integrative Medicine, Professor in IL3 Master of Longevity at Barcelona University and Professor of Nutrigenomics in Nutrition Grade in UNIR University.
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